What is i3 , i5 and i7 ? Why there is no i4 , i6 processors?


what does i3 , i5 and i7 represents?


Most of the buyers think that the core i3 , i5 , i7 represents its no of cores presents on the processor. But actual speaking it’s not true in any sense as the no of cores on the processor is generally in even numbers such as dual core , quadra core , hexa core and so on upto 16 to 18 cores (in some special cases the cores may be in odd numbers , but it’s rare)


why is it so ?

Most of you may be have a question that why most of the processor have dual , quadra and hexa core (only even no of cores) and not tri and penta core ? and the answer of the your questions can be explained by following image .


Dual Core processor


as the above fig shows dual core processor the architectural design of the processors are generally in parallel slots of two and not in the series slots for efficient and fast working .Today The biggest challenge for computers and mobiles manufacturers are the management of space and make the device more slimmer and small with maximum efficiency and working capability . So the real reason to have even numbers of cores can be found in this reason. As architectural design of processors allow placing it in the parallel slots of two , the space required for the 3 cores (if manufactured) and 4 cores will be same but there will be the different working capability as simple 4 cores will work faster than 3 cores so that most of the processor companies manufactures the even number of cores on their processors .but in some special cases odd number of cores are manufactured and remaining 1 slot of the core is being dedicated to other hardware like RAM ROM or GPU.


So what does i3 , i5 And i7 really means ?

If you want a plain and simple answer, then generally speaking , Core i7s are better than Core i5s, which are in turn better than Core i3s. Core i7 does not have seven cores nor does Core i3 have three cores. The numbers are simply indicative of their relative processing powers.

The more cores there are, the more tasks (known as threads) can be served at the same time. The lowest number of cores can be found in Core i3 CPUs, i.e., which have only two cores. Currently, all Core i3s are dual-core processors.

Currently all Core i5 processors, except for the i5-4570T, are quad cores. The Core i5-4570T is only a dual-core processor with a standard clock speed of 2.9GHz. Remember that all Core i3s are also dual cores. the latest i7 processors do have 4 to 8 cores according to the generation and model. The i9 processors of Intel is in the market with 4 to 12 cores with highest power among all of the intel processors.
i3 processors – only dual core with hyperthreading
i5 processors – mostly dual cores in laptop version and quadra core in PC version
i7 processors – quadra to octa cores
i9 procesors – quadra to 12 cores

What does the generation of processor represents?

The Intel corporation launch it’s advance processor series in January 2010 naming it as i3 processor with transistor(small working chips inside the processor) size of 32 Nm. Further Intel made advancment in that i3 series reducing the transistor size to 24 Nm, 22 Nm ,14 Nm and upto 10Nm (smaller the transistor size more the efficiency and working power). To represent this advancement in the processors Intel represented it as generations . so Higher the generations number more the efficiency and working power. So if you have to choose the better laptop go for the higher generation.

Why there is no i4 , i6 And i8 processors ?

As article told early that the number behind the i dosen’t represents the number of cores of the processor . So If Intel would given the processor names as i4 , i6 and i8 people might get confused with the number 4 .6 and 8 with the number of cores of that processor(i.e i3 dosen’t means it has 3 cores actually it has 2 cores) . To avoid that confusion Intel corporation dicided to have the name of the processors following only with odd numbers.

How to Set a Room’s Mood with Smart Lighting

  

A living room with purple LED lights.

Color can affect your mood. Businesses spend thousands of dollars each year researching which colors of decor will encourage customers to drop the most dough when they walk through the door. You can also use this mental trick to set the mood in a room with just the color of your lights.

Credits : howtogeek

Cold or Warm? Each Has Its Place

Smart lighting is available in different colors, which allows you to change the color of a room to suit your needs. For example, “colder” lighting makes someone feel more productive and focused and is best suited for an office. This is why so many office buildings use harsh fluorescent lighting.

On the flip side, “warmer” lighting—like candlelight or overhead lighting in restaurants—promotes a sense of relaxation.

You can tweak the color of the lighting in your home to change your mood, but first, you have to understand how color psychology works. After that, it’s a simple matter of changing the lights to suit your needs.

Color Psychology

Color psychology is an extensive and complex field, and the science of it isn’t conclusive. Still, if you want to try it, here are a few basics to keep in mind:

  • Red is associated with power: It can help stimulate your appetite, which makes it an ideal color for a kitchen or dining room. In terms of lighting, it provides a sense of urgency. In less intense shades, it can help with relaxation.
  • Blue is calming: Although it gets a bad rap for interrupting the circadian rhythm, soft blue light can be helpful in offices and workplaces as a productivity booster.
  • Purple helps stimulate creativity: If you’re an artist, writer, designer, or photographer, or just working through a difficult problem, soft purple lighting can help.
  • Green causes the least amount of eye strain: This would be ideal in a bedroom or living room to put you at ease as you relax and catch up on your favorite TV series.
  • Orange and yellow are associated with sunrise: Both are ideal for soft lighting in the morning as you get ready to encourage a sense of happiness and contentment.

Of course, there are color temperatures of light, as well. For example, a cool white has a bluish tint that encourages focus and alertness, but it can disturb your sleep cycle. A warm white is the perfect option for relaxing and winding down before bed, but not the best choice for an office environment.

How to Set a Room’s Mood with Smart Lighting

The Philips Hue and similar smart lights make it possible to change the color of the light within a room on the fly. Setting specific scenes allows you to recall the same settings at the tap of a button.

We’ll demonstrate how to do this with Philips Hue lighting, but you can use any smart lighting system that offers configurable colors.

To do this, you’ll need the Philips Hue app on your mobile device, a Hue Bridge, and at least one Hue light with color. Open the Philips Hue app. In our example, there are already three rooms set up, but yours will look different based on the layout of your home. Select one of the rooms.

The "Your Rooms" menu in the Philips Hue app.

After you choose a room, a color wheel appears.

The color wheel in the Philips Hue app.

You can move the pointer around the wheel to choose which color and shade you want. Alternatively, if you tap the painter’s palette icon in the upper-right corner, you can choose from a series of preset scenes. If you have more than one bulb in the room, each will reflect a different color as part of the scene.

The scene selection menu in the Philips Hue app.

You can also create your own scene. To do so, just tap “New Scene” in the upper-left corner. In the next screen, type a name for your scene and choose the colors you want to incorporate within it.

A custom scene in the Philips Hue app.

This tool is particularly powerful; you can even choose an image and have your scene incorporate its ambient colors. There are several preset images, but you can also choose one from your camera roll.

In addition to the basic functions offered by Philips Hue lights, there are also some experimental features available through Hue Labs. This platform allows Philips Hue owners to opt into early prototype features, like enabling a light to flicker like a candle.

If you want to see the available options, just tap “Explore” at the bottom of the screen, and then tap “Hue Labs.”

Tap "Hue Labs."

Philips Hue provides a powerful customization platform in which people can set the mood in their homes with smart lighting, but it isn’t the only one. People with LIFX lighting can access many similar functions, as well as those with Sengled, Tradfri, or GE lighting.

The Best Smartwatches for 2021

Think it's time to upgrade your traditional watch by adding some apps and notifications to your wrist? Here are the features to look for, along with the top-rated smartwatches we've tested.

Credits : pcmag.com

Bringing Brains to Your Wrist

The infamous calculator watch has been around since the 1970s, but smartwatches have finally reached the point that they're, well, smart. From running apps, to displaying smartphone notifications, to monitoring your heart rate, the latest crop of smartwatches do a lot more than just tell time. But which one should you buy? We've rounded up our top-rated options to help you decide. It's also important to know what to look for, so keep the following advice in mind when shopping around.

Pick a Watch That Works With Your Phone

Naturally, the first thing you'll want to consider when buying a smartwatch is compatibility. Most of the devices currently available use Wear OS, Google's operating system for wearables. Wear OS supports iOS, but make sure to find out if the features you want are available on iOS before buying in. Fitbit OS and Samsung's Tizen also support both Android and iOS. The Apple Watch, as you'd expect, connects strictly to iOS-powered devices, so it's iPhone-only. Make sure to pick a watch that's compatible with the mobile device you own.

Galaxy Watch3

Samsung Galaxy Watch3

What About Apps?

What separates a smartwatch from a dumb watch? Lots of things, but as smartphones have taught us, apps might be the most important.

Most of the watches we like feature full-fledged app stores, bringing everything from Uber and Yelp to—yes, a calculator—to your wrist. Much like smartphones, app availability is a good way to determine which product to get, so make sure to check out the app selection for each watch before buying in.

And if you're looking for apps, right now Apple is your best bet. The Apple Watch has the largest number of high-quality apps and big-name developers, by far. Wear OS also has its fair share, and Fitbit OS is catching up, but developer interest definitely seems to be in Apple first. Samsung's Tizen still doesn't seem to be on the radar for most major developers.

Apple Watch Series 6 and SE

Apple Watch Series 6 and SE

Fitness Tracker vs. Smartwatch

Unless you want a gadget on both of your wrists (not the best look, in my opinion), you'll want a smartwatch that can do double duty as a fitness tracker—or any other wearable gadget you were thinking about getting. Most smartwatches are capable of tracking basic activity, like steps, but you need to pay close attention to any additional features.

The Apple Watch Series 6, for instance, features GPS so it can track your runs without the help of a companion device. It also has a heart rate sensor. Not only that, but an ECG function allows you to generate a PDF of your heart rhythm you can share with your doctor, and an SpO2 sensor that measures your blood oxygen saturation level on demand. The Samsung Galaxy Watch3 also offers ECG and SpO2 apps. Of course, they're the two most expensive products on this list. The Fitbit Versa 3 costs less and tracks plenty of fitness and sleep metrics, but has less in the way of third-party apps, so there's some trade-off.

Look closely and choose a watch that tracks the activities and health metrics you want to monitor.

Fitbit Versa 3

Fitbit Versa 3

Cellular Connectivity

A cellular connection allows you to make calls, send texts, stream music, download apps, and do anything else that requires an internet connection, without actually needing to be connected to your phone. The cellular Apple Watch Series 6 carries a $100 premium over the standard version, and you also have to pay to add it to your phone plan—most carriers charge an additional $10 per month.

Whether this convenience is worth it for you depends on what you plan to use your watch for. If you want to be able to stream music while you exercise, but you want to leave your phone back in the locker room or at home, a cellular connection can certainly come in handy. If you always have your phone on you, however, you can probably save the money and skip it.

Battery Life

You don't want a smartwatch with good battery life, right? Good, because you're not going to get it. Watches with full-color, smartphone-like displays, like the Apple Watch and Wear OS watches, only last for about a day on a single charge. Features like always-on displays and GPS tracking are handy, but they drain battery life quickly.

The Series 6 only gets around 18 hours of battery life, so you’ll need to find some time to charge it during the day if you plan to use the sleep tracking feature. That could mean sacrificing some activity tracking during the day.

In general, you'll get the best battery life with one of the Fitbit watches. They typically last around four days before needing a charge. That means you can wear them to bed to track your sleep, something you can't do with a watch that needs to be charged every night.

Price

Smartwatches can be very expensive, but that doesn't mean you need to spend a lot of money to get a good one. Yes, the Apple Watch Hermès is sure to draw a lot of attention, but at $1,249 (and up), you can buy six Fitbit Versas. If you're a first-time smartwatch buyer, you might want to think about going the less-expensive route, in case you wind up not wearing it all that much.

Apple Watch SE

Apple Watch SE

The Best Android Watch

Now that Google has changed the name of Android Wear to Wear OS, and Wear OS supports both Android and iOS, Android watches are no longer really a thing. There are more Wear OS watches on the market than any other kind.

There are also far more styles to choose from. If you buy an Apple Watch, you're limited to a selection of proprietary bands if you want to swap out the original for a customized look (although Apple offers plenty). Many Wear OS watches support standard watch straps, making your options virtually limitless. Not only that, but the selection of watches themselves is far more diverse than the one-design-fits-all Apple Watch.

So while Wear OS still lags behind the Apple Watch in terms of simplicity and app selection, it's far more flexible when it comes to pricing and features. But pay close attention to the reviews, because not all Wear OS watches are created equal.

Buy It for Looks, Don't Buy It for Life

Let's not forget: You're also going to wear this thing. And unlike your Timex, it's probably not going to remain in style for years. Smartwatch design is rapidly changing, so hold out until you find something you actually want to wear. And keep in mind that smartwatches are still gadgets. The coming year is sure to bring new iterations of pretty much every watch on this list, not to mention plenty of completely new ones.

The battle for wrist real estate is quickly heating up. That's good news for consumers, since it's likely to result in even better—and better-looking—devices. I wouldn't be surprised if this list reads completely differently the next time you see it. But if you're looking for the best smartwatch available today, the options here are the finest we've seen so far. For the latest reviews, see our Smartwatch Product Guide.


Top smart watches (Ordered by Ratings) : 

  1. Apple Watch Series 5
  2. Fitbit Versa 2
  3. Apple Watch Series 6 (GPS, 40mm)
  4. Apple Watch Series 3
  5. Fitbit Versa 3
  6. Fitbit Ionic Fitness Tracker
  7. Fitbit Versa Lite
  8. Apple Watch SE (2020)
  9. Fossil Sport
  10. Samsung Galaxy Watch Active





How to Find Free Wi-Fi Hotspots When Travelling

Free, public Wi-Fi access points are popping up in more and more places around the world. They’re extra useful when travelling, as you won’t have your home Wi-Fi network and may not want to pay for international mobile data.

These tips will help you find Wi-Fi hotspots on the go, whether you’re travelling to a foreign country or just to the other side of your home city.

Two Restaurant Chains That (Almost) Always Have Free Wi-Fi

If you want free Wi-Fi, keep an eye out for a Starbucks or a McDonald’s restaurant. These two chains have a huge number of locations all over the world, and they both consistently provide free Wi-Fi. Whatever you think of their coffee and food, their free Wi-Fi is good — and you generally don’t even have to buy anything, as you can just log right in. Of course, it’s probably polite to make a purchase if you’re going to be taking up a seat and using their Wi-Fi for a while.

These are far from the only restaurants with free Wi-Fi, but a Starbucks or McDonald’s is easy to spot from a distance and will probably have free Wi-Fi when you get there.


starbucks

More Places With Free Wi-Fi

Public libraries often offer free, open Wi-Fi access points, too. Cities may also host their own free Wi-Fi networks, which you may be able to find in public parks or just on the street in more active districts of the city. Even a shopping mall might offer free Wi-Fi across the entire mall.
Smaller coffee shops may offer their own Wi-Fi access points. Wi-Fi is becoming more and more common — everything from restaurants to grocery stores  to department stores are offering their own hotspots.

Hotels may provide free open Wi-Fi networks to their guests, so you may be able to sit in a hotel lobby or parking lot and use their Wi-Fi for a bit if they don’t require a code to log on. This is becoming rarer as hotels and motels lock down their Wi-Fi networks with access codes. Many airports also provide free Wi-Fi — but many airports still don’t provide free Wi-Fi. It depends which airports you’re traveling through.

This free Wi-Fi isn’t always “free” — for example, if it’s offered in a restaurant, you’ll have to buy something so you can sit in that restaurant and use their Wi-Fi. Some independent coffee shops and restaurants may require you purchase something before getting a login code. But, if you’re travelling, there’s a good chance you’ll want to stop for some food or a coffee anyway.

If you’re walking down a street looking for Wi-FI, keep an eye out for the “Wi-Fi” logo sign on a businesses’ window, which will tell you whether that business has free Wi-Fi.


free-wi-fi-hotspot-sign 

Locate Nearby Wi-Fi Hotspots With an App

If you want help finding free Wi-Fi hotspots, the Wi-Fi Finder app — available for both Android and iOS — can help. When you install and first run this app, it downloads a database of free and paid Wi-Fi hotspots around the world. You can then open the app when you don’t have an Internet connection and use it offline. The app will use your GPS location and show nearby free Wi-Fi hotspots on a map. Install it ahead of time and launch it if you ever need a point in the right direction when you’re looking for a Wi-Fi hotspot. You can also search for a location anywhere in the world and see where free Wi-Fi hotspots may be available, if you want to plan ahead. The app isn’t perfect and not all the listings may be up-to-date, but it’s still helpful.

wi-fi-finder-app-on-android

Your ISP Might Help

If you pay for Internet access at home, your Internet service provider might have a network of Wi-Fi hotspots you can use. For example, Comcast has been turning its home routers into public hotspots that other Comcast customers can use. If you’re an Xfinity customer, you can log into any Xfinity hotspot and use it for free. These hotspots are becoming more widespread as Comcast rolls out routers that turn people’s home networks into public Wi-Fi hotspots.

This practice is already more widespread in some European countries and other countries outside the US, so be sure to check your ISP and see if they offer a free network of hotspots for you. Of course, this only works if you’re travelling within your own country — you won’t find a network of Xfinity hotspots outside the USA.


xfinity-wifi-sign 

Get More Time on Time-Limited Hotspots

Some free Wi-Fi hotspots only provide you with a few free minutes before demanding you pay up. We’ve seen this time-limited method used at several airports. Luckily, there’s usually a way around this so you can get more free Wi-Fi time without paying.

The network generally identifies your device by its MAC address, and it will refuse to offer more free Wi-Fi time to you if it recognizes your device’s MAC address. So, to get more free Wi-Fi time, you can change your device’s MAC address and then reconnect to the Wi-Fi access point. The access point should see your device as a new device and give it more free time. If it doesn’t, you may also need to clear your browser cookies.

If you have any queries/feedback, please write it in comments section below OR mail me here : Snehal[at]Techproceed[dot]com.

Happy Surfing !!  :-)